Although the foundation to the modern car year was laid in 1886 by German inventor Karl Benz, Cars did not become widely available until the early 20th century. Henry Ford innovated mass-production techniques that became standard, with Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler. However, he certainly wasn't the only person to develop the horseless carriage.
The history of the automobile reflects a worldwide evolution. Dozens of spin-off industries blossomed creating thousands of new jobs. Oil and steel became two well-established industries.
Vehicle production and sales are one of the major indicators of economic status. Moreover, it influenced the technological advances in petroleum refining, steel making, paint and plate-glass manufacturing, and other industrial processes.

Created for spiritual and navigational purposes, the earliest compasses were most likely invented by the Chinese in around 1050 BC. It was made of lodestones, which is a naturally magnetized iron ore.
The invention of the electromagnet in 1825 led to the development of the modern compass.
The invention of the compass certainly helped modern navigation more than our GPS-needing culture could understand.


The wheel stands out as the OG of engineering marvels and one of the most famous inventions that influenced numerous other things. This primitive technology made it easier for all of us to travel. From the archeological excavations, the oldest known wheel is from Mesopotamia, around 3500 B.C.
As a result of advancement in the new and innovative design of wheels, industrialization could take root.The wheel serves a vital purpose in our lives, and we couldn't imagine the world without them.

Screws are yet another simple machine used since antiquity. They tend to consist of a cylindrical rod with one or more helical spiraling threads or ridges on the outside.
These ingenious mechanical engineering innovations convert rotational motion into linear force. Screws can also be perceived as a very narrow inclined plane, or ramp, that is wrapped around the cylinder.

Famous early examples include the Archimedes screw that was used an early form of a water pump.
Screws, like ramps, levers, and pulleys, allow a force to be amplified. In the case of the screw, it provides a mechanical advantage for converting a small torque (rotational force) into a large axial force on a load.
Its mechanical advantage changes depend on the distance between the screw's threads, aka pitch. They are widely used today as fasteners or as basic pumps, presses and as precision devices. 

Parallel motion is a mechanical linkage that was first invented by James Watt in 1784. It was developed for use on his double-acting Watt steam engine and replaced the previous Newcomen beam and chain setup.
His new engine allowed power to be harnessed in both the upward and downward strokes of a piston effectively doubling the efficiency. It was termed "parallel motion" by Watt because both the piston and the pump rod were required to move vertically, parallel to one another.
It would prove immensely successful and became a critical innovation that helped define mechanics today.

The spring is, simply an elastic object that can store mechanical energy. They tend to be made of steel and come in many designs but most commonly in coiled forms.

Whenever a spring is disturbed from its resting position, when stretched or compressed, it tends to exert an opposing force approximately proportional to its change in length. 
Small springs can be made from winding pre-hardened material whilst larger springs are usually made by annealed steel that is hardened after production. 
In history, non-coiled springs were common, like the bow, but coiled springs began to appear around the 15th Century. Today they have many applications from vehicle suspension to slinky toys.

Motors are electronic machines that convert AC or DC electrical current into rotational movement. Most common electrical motors work through the interaction of a magnetic field and winding currents to generate a force.

The basic principle behind electric motors, Ampere's Force Law, was first described by Ampere in 1820  and was first demonstrated by Michael Faraday in 1821. One of the first practical motors was created by Hungarian physicist, Anyos Jedlik in 1828.
Motors are found in many applications around the world from industrial fans to power tools to computer disk drives.
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