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May 05, 2020


1. Eat a variety of foods 

For good health, we need more than 40 different nutrients, and no single food can supply them all. It is not about a single meal, it is about a balanced food choice over time that will make a difference!
  • ·         A high-fat lunch could be followed by a low-fat dinner.
  • ·         After a large meat portion at dinner, perhaps fish should be the next day’s choice?


2. Base your diet on plenty of foods rich in carbohydrates

About half the calories in our diet should come from foods rich in carbohydrates, such as cereals, rice, pasta, potatoes, and bread. It is a good idea to include at least one of these at every meal. Wholegrain foods, like wholegrain bread, pasta, and cereals, will increase our fibre intake.

3. Replace saturated with unsaturated fat

Fats are important for good health and proper functioning of the body. However, too much of it can negatively affect our weight and cardiovascular health. Different kinds of fats have different health effects, and some of these tips could help us keep the balance right:
  • ·         We should limit the consumption of total and saturated fats (often coming from foods of animal origin), and completely avoid trans fats; reading the labels helps to identify the sources.
  • ·         Eating fish 2-3 times a week, with at least one serving of oily fish, will contribute to our right intake of unsaturated fats.
  • ·         When cooking, we should boil, steam or bake, rather than frying, remove the fatty part of meat, use vegetable oils.


4. Enjoy plenty of fruits and vegetables

Fruits and vegetables are among the most important foods for giving us enough vitamins, minerals and fibre. We should try to eat at least 5 servings a day. For example, a glass of fresh fruit juice at breakfast, perhaps an apple and a piece of watermelon as snacks, and a good portion of different vegetables at each meal.

5. Reduce salt and sugar intake

A high salt intake can result in high blood pressure, and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. There are different ways to reduce salt in the diet:
  • ·         When shopping, we could choose products with lower sodium content.
  • ·         When cooking, salt can be substituted with spices, increasing the variety of flavours and tastes.
  • ·         When eating, it helps not to have salt at the table, or at least not to add salt before tasting.
  • ·         Sugar provides sweetness and an attractive taste, but sugary foods and drinks are rich in energy, and are best enjoyed in moderation, as an occasional treat. We could use fruits instead, even to sweeten our foods and drinks.


6. Eat regularly, control the portion size

Eating a variety of foods, regularly, and in the right amounts is the best formula for a healthy diet.
Skipping meals, especially breakfast, can lead to out-of-control hunger, often resulting in helpless overeating. Snacking between meals can help control hunger, but snacking should not replace proper meals. For snacks, we could choose yoghurt, a handful of fresh or dried fruits or vegetables (like carrot sticks), unsalted nuts, or perhaps some bread with cheese.
Paying attention to portion size will help us not to consume too much calories, and will allow us to eat all the foods we enjoy, without having to eliminate any.
  • ·         Cooking the right amount makes it easier to not overeat.
  • ·         Some reasonable serving sizes are: 100 g of meat; one medium piece of fruit; half a cup of raw pasta.
  • ·         Using smaller plates helps with smaller servings.
  • ·         Packaged foods, with calorie values on the pack, could aid portion control.
  • ·         If eating out, we could share a portion with a friend.


7. Drink plenty of fluids

Adults need to drink at least 1.5 litres of fluid a day! Or more if it's very hot or they are physically active. Water is the best source, of course, and we can use tap or mineral water, sparkling or non-sparkling, plain or flavoured. Fruit juices, tea, soft drinks, milk and other drinks, can all be okay - from time to time.

8. Maintain a healthy body weight

The right weight for each us depends on factors like our gender, height, age, and genes. Being affected by obesity and overweight increases the risks of a wide range of diseases, including diabetes, heart diseases, and cancer.
Excess body fat comes from eating more than we need. The extra calories can come from any caloric nutrient - protein, fat, carbohydrate, or alcohol, but fat is the most concentrated source of energy. Physical activity helps us spend the energy, and makes us feel good. The message is reasonably simple: if we are gaining weight, we need to eat less and be more active!

9. Get on the move, make it a habit!

Physical activity is important for people of all weight ranges and health conditions. It helps us burn off the extra calories, it is good for the heart and circulatory system, it maintains or increases our muscle mass, it helps us focus, and improves overall health well-being. We don't have to be top athletes to get on the move! 150 minutes per week of moderate physical activity is advised, and it can easily become part of our daily routine. We all could:
  • ·         use the stairs instead of the elevator,
  • ·         go for a walk during lunch breaks (and stretch in our offices in between)
  • ·         make time for a family weekend activity


10. Start now! And keep changing gradually.

Gradual changes in our lifestyle are easier to maintain than major changes introduced all at once. For three days, we could write down the foods and drinks we consume throughout the day, and make a note of the amount of movement we made. It won’t be difficult to spot where we could improve:
  • ·         Skipping breakfast? A small bowl of muesli, a piece of bread or fruit, could help slowly introduce it into our routine
  • ·         Too few fruits and vegetables? To start with, we can introduce one extra piece a day.
  • ·         Favourite foods high in fat? Eliminating them abruptly could fire back, and make us return to the old habits. We can choose low fat options instead, eat them less frequently, and in smaller portions.
  • ·         Too little activity? Using the stairs daily could be a great first move.


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May 04, 2020

Why is color such a powerful force in our lives? What effects can it have on our bodies and minds? While perceptions of color are somewhat subjective, there are some color effects that have universal meaning.
Colors in the red area of the color spectrum are known as warm colors and include red, orange, and yellow. These warm colors evoke emotions ranging from feelings of warmth and comfort to feelings of anger and hostility.
Colors on the blue side of the spectrum are known as cool colors and include blue, purple, and green. These colors are often described as calm, but can also call to mind feelings of sadness or indifference.
How do people respond to different colors? Select a color below to learn more about the possible effects and find reactions from other readers:

Black

  • According to color psychology, these are the characteristics of black:
  • Black absorbs all light in the color spectrum.
  • Black is often used as a symbol of menace or evil, but it's also popular as an indicator of power. It's used to represent treacherous characters such as Dracula and is often associated with witchcraft.
  • Black is associated with death and mourning in many cultures. It's also associated with unhappiness, sexuality, formality, and sophistication.
  • In ancient Egypt, black represented life and rebirth.
  • Black is often used in fashion because of its slimming quality.
  • Consider how black is used in language: Black Death, blackout, black cat, blacklist, black market, black tie, black belt.


White

  • According to color psychology, these are the characteristics of white:
  • White represents purity or innocence. While a bride wearing white was often thought to convey the bride's virginity, blue was once a traditional color worn by brides to symbolize purity.
  • White is bright and can create a sense of space or add highlights. Designers often use the color white to make rooms seem larger and more spacious.
  • White is also described as cold, bland, and sterile. Rooms painted completely white can seem spacious, but empty and unfriendly. Hospitals and hospital workers use white to create a sense of sterility.
  • Some of the positive meanings that white can convey include cleanliness, freshness, and simplicity. The color white often seems like a blank slate, symbolizing a new beginning or a fresh start.
  • On the negative side, white can seem stark, cold, and isolated. Consider how a large, white, empty room might seem boring, bland, and stark.


Red

  • Red is a bright, warm color that evokes strong emotions.
  • Red is associated with love, warmth, and comfort.
  • Red is also considered an intense, or even angry, a color that creates feelings of excitement or intensity


Blue

  • Blue is described as a favorite color by many people and is the color most preferred by men.
  • Because blue is favored by so many people, it is often viewed as a non-threatening color that can seem conservative and traditional.
  • Blue calls to mind feelings of calmness or serenity. It is often described as peaceful, tranquil, secure, and orderly.
  • Blue is often seen as a sign of stability and reliability. Businesses that want to project an image of security often utilize blue in their advertising and marketing efforts.
  • Blue can also create feelings of sadness or aloofness. Consider how a painting that heavily features blue, such as those produced by Picasso during his "blue period," can seem so lonely, sad, or forlorn.
  • Blue is often used to decorate offices because research has shown that people are more productive in blue rooms.
  • Blue is one of the most popular colors, but it is one of the least appetizing. Some weight loss plans even recommend eating your food off of a blue plate. Blue rarely occurs naturally in food aside from blueberries and some plums. Also, humans are geared to avoid foods that are poisonous and blue coloring in food is often a sign of spoilage or poison.
  • Blue can also lower the pulse rate and body temperature.


Green

  • Green is a cool color that symbolizes nature and the natural world. Perhaps because of its strong associations with nature, green is often thought to represent tranquility, good luck, health, and jealousy.
  • Researchers have also found that green can improve reading ability. Some students may find that laying a transparent sheet of green paper over reading material increases reading speed and comprehension.
  • Green has long been a symbol of fertility and was once the preferred color choice for wedding gowns in the 15th-century. Even today, green M & M's (an American chocolate candy) are said to send a sexual message.
  • Green is often used in decorating for its calming effect. For example, guests waiting to appear on television programs often wait in a “green room” to relax.


Yellow

  • Some of the key characteristics that are often associated with the color yellow include:
  • Warmth: Yellow is a bright color that is often described as cheery and warm.
  • Difficult to read: Yellow is also the most fatiguing to the eye due to the high amount of light that is reflected. Using yellow as a background on paper or computer monitors can lead to eyestrain or vision loss in extreme cases.
  • Frustration: Yellow can also create feelings of frustration and anger. While it is considered a cheerful color, people are more likely to lose their tempers in yellow rooms and babies tend to cry more in yellow rooms.
  • Energetic: Yellow can also increase metabolism.
  • Attention-grabbing: Since yellow is the most visible color, it is also the most attention-getting color. Yellow can be used in a small amount to draw notice, such as on traffic sign or advertisements.


Purple

Color psychology suggests that colors can have a powerful impact on our moods and even behaviors. Each color supposedly has its own effect, but the feeling that each color produces can vary based on experience and culture. Purple is one color that can lead to differing feelings, emotions, and associations.

Brown

  • Brown is a natural color that evokes a sense of strength and reliability. It's often seen as solid, much like the earth, and it's a color often associated with resilience, dependability, security, and safety.
  • Brown can also create feelings of loneliness, sadness, and isolation. In large quantities, it can seem vast, stark, and empty, like an enormous desert devoid of life.
  • Brown brings to mind feelings of warmth, comfort, and security. It's often described as natural, down-to-earth, and conventional, but brown can also be sophisticated.
  • Darker colors like brown tend to be associated with more negative emotions.


Orange

  • Orange is a combination of yellow and red and is considered an energetic color.
  • Orange calls to mind feelings of excitement, enthusiasm, and warmth.
  • Orange is often used to draw attention, such as in traffic signs and advertising.
  • Orange is energetic, which is perhaps why many sports teams use orange in their uniforms, mascots, and branding.
  • Orange is also the color of bright sunsets and fruits such as oranges and tangerines, so many people might associate the color with the beauty of a setting sun or the refreshing taste of citrus.
  • Orange is also linked to autumn and the color of dying leaves and pumpkins.
  • The color is also heavily linked to Halloween in the United States, so it can sometimes have a dark or even cartoonish association.


Pink

  • Pink is essentially a light red hue and is typically associated with love and romance.
  • Pink is thought to have a calming effect. One shade known as "drunk-tank pink" is sometimes used in prisons to calm inmates. Sports teams sometimes paint the opposing team's locker room pink to keep the players passive and less energetic.
  • Pink is often described as a feminine color, perhaps largely due to associations, people form during early childhood. "Girls toys" are usually pink and purple, while "boys toys" are often red, yellow, green, or blue.
  • Since the color is so strongly associated with femininity, people sometimes associate the color with qualities that are often thought of as feminine, such as softness, kindness, nurturance, and compassion.




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May 04, 2020 1

Opinions expressed by Entrepreneur contributors are their own.

When we’re young, life just seems to happen without us having much say in the matter. Then responsibility begins to shift from our parents to us. From that point forth, our own decisions and circumstance dominate our lives. Those two factors are largely responsible for how things turn out for us. And the two are intimately related.

We often observe how successful people make their own luck, but that’s really just another way of saying they make smart decisions when it comes to taking risks and creating or capitalizing on opportunities. So success in business – and in life, I would argue – is primarily a function of making smart decisions.

Since every decision you make is based entirely on your own thoughts and feelings –how your brain processes experiences, events, and information from a variety of sources to draw conclusions – it’s actually not that complicated to determine how to make smarter decisions. This is how you do it.

Be present in the moment.

The first time I told the story of how an ex-girlfriend’s father took me in his Porsche to visit his startup company, where I learned about the coming wave of digital electronics (that was the late 70s, mind you), I remember thinking, what if I hadn’t been paying attention to the guy?
There have since been maybe seven or eight similarly critical random events that changed my life. And if I hadn’t been engaged in the moment they would have simply passed me by. I never even would have known I missed them. And where would I be today? It’s a sobering thought.

Trust your instincts.

Using the same example, what if that simple event hadn’t resonated with me the way it did? What if I hadn’t jumped right on it without hesitation and capitalized on the opportunity? I never would have gone back to grad school, gotten into the high-tech industry, and had an awesome 20+ year career.
When it comes to decision-making, listen to what smart, knowledgeable people say but, in the end, you have to make the right call. If you learn to trust your gut, you won’t hesitate when what you’re hearing is right. And when you do hesitate, you’ll know it isn’t right.


Think critically.

The more you allow yourself to be overloaded by information, interrupted by communication, and bombarded by distraction, the less time and attention you have left to focus on what really matters and question the accuracy, efficacy, and applicability of what you’re learning and experiencing.
Let me say it another way. By opting for quantity of information, communication, and possessions over quality, you sacrifice deep understanding through logical reasoning in favor of the next shiny object, inspiring post, or other feel-good nonsense that grabs your ever-shrinking attention span.
You would not believe how much dumber that makes you. Without logical constructs like deductive reasoning and the scientific method, our society would never have progressed. There would be no technology. We’d all be stuck back in the dark ages. Stop and think about that for a minute … without checking your phone.


Stay sharp.

Every time I see some popular and unsubstantiated nonsense about a miracle diet, pill, vitamin, or nutritional supplement that’s supposed to do magical things like make you thinner or smarter, it drives me nuts. None of that stuff works, folks. They’re all scams – moneymakers courtesy of our quick-fix culture.
Look, your brain is part of your body, right? Think. Just eat a good variety of reasonably healthy stuff, don’t eat too much, get out and exercise once or twice a week, and you’ll be fine. If you keep your body in pretty good shape, guess what? Your mind will come along for the ride and maintain its plasticity as you age.
One last thing. There’s been some negative stuff about caffeine from questionable sources, lately. Don’t believe it. It’s an amazing and, read my lips, naturally occurring stimulant. For the vast majority of you, a cappuccino or a few cups of tea a day will not harm you. And it will make you sharper. No kidding. As with anything, just don’t overdo it.

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May 03, 2020
Knowing How to Form a Habit is Important (According to Aristotle)


One of my favorite quotes is “Excellence is not an act, but a habit.” In fact, combine that quote with one by W.H. Auden (“Routine, in an intelligent man, is a sign of ambition.”) and you get the name of this website.


Routines and habits are the key to consistency, which is the key to achieving goals. So knowing how to form a habit is important.


I’m very vocal about my dislike for the idea of “just do it” and the exercise industry idea that exercise has to suck.


Whether your habit formation is focused on exercise or anything else (business, writing, friendships, relationships etc.), excellence and success are really just the result of your deeply ingrained habits. Understanding the psychology of habits can help you change them.


You don’t need to lift for 4 hours or write 200 pages every day. If you want to use habits to change your life your ability to always do something, even something small, will move you forward.


If you want to know how to form habits, it’s important that you understand what they actually are. And what they are not. Habits are not just “something you do every day.”


When most people think of a habit, they think “something you do everyday.” If you were trying to start an exercise “habit,” you might set the goal of doing a certain number of sets/reps, running a certain distance, or exercising for a certain amount of time each day.


If you were trying to start a writing habit you might target a certain number of pages or words per day. If you were trying to network more you might send a target number of emails per day.


It’s true that habits are frequently recurring behaviors, and an “X per day” approach isn’t automatically bad, but just doing something regularly is not enough to form a habit.


Because that isn’t how the psychology of habits works.


Do you ever feel like you have to “make yourself” do something? Do you ever put off your daily activity until later in the day, even if you do eventually get it done? That’s how you know you don’t actually have a habit—you have a responsibility, a nagging task.


The psychology of habits can fix that.
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May 03, 2020


Many will have heard the expression that in space, no one can hear you scream.

Like many others before you, you may have simply accepted this as the truth without thinking much more on the topic.

Some may have even delved further and learned that space is silent because sound cannot travel through a vacuum.

While both of these things are true, have you ever wondered why?

To get to the bottom of this we need to take a closer look at the science behind it all.
So, space is a vacuum, but what does that really mean?

We all know of this thing called space, but what exactly is it?

To put it simply, space is everything that you can find outside Earth’s atmosphere.

Despite being filled with stars, planets, asteroids and so on, space is referred to as a vacuum.

A vacuum technically means a space entirely devoid of matter.

Inside a vacuum there is absolutely nothing. No particles, no air, nothing.

So how is space a vacuum, if there are so many cosmic bodies filling the night sky?

Well, it turns out that space isn’t actually a true vacuum. It’s referred to as such for convenience, as space is such a large place that the vast majority of it actually is a vacuum.

How does sound travel anyway, and why can’t it travel throughout space?

Like light, sound travels in waves. Unlike light waves, however, sound waves are referred to as a mechanical wave.

In the case of sound waves, these mechanical waves come in the form of a vibrating wave that transports energy as it moves from one place to another.

This wave has to travel through what we call a medium, which in this case is through particles.

Let’s look at an example though, to make it a little clearer.

If you play a string of a guitar, the string vibrates. This initial vibration creates a chain reaction in the particles around it, in a way not too dissimilar to the ripples from a pebble dropped into a pond.

Each particle affected then transfers the vibrations onto those around it, transferring energy.

The further the sound wave travels, the weaker the vibration becomes.

This happens until the sound wave ceases to exist, due to a small amount of energy being lost in each transfer between particles.

So, for sound to travel, we need particles. These particles can make up a whole range of things including water, gas, liquids, or even solids.

Sound cannot travel through space though, as it is a vacuum. If you played a guitar in space, you wouldn’t hear it.

There are no particles in the enormous gaps of nothingness between cosmic bodies in space to vibrate, and thus the initial vibrations of the guitar string wouldn’t have anything to transfer to, and no one would ever hear it.

How can space be silent if it’s not a true vacuum?

This sound was first recorded in 2003 at NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory, and it came from the Perseus galaxy over 250 million light years away.

The sound was measured to be a B-flat, but at a frequency billions of times lower than is physically possible for humans to hear.

OK so wait, is space completely silent or not?

While space is more silent than you could ever imagine, it’s not completely devoid of sound.

Sound waves cannot travel through space, but there are some infinitesimally small regions where sound can exist, under very specific conditions.
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May 02, 2020


Petroleum refining or Oil refining is an industrial process in which crude oil is extracted from the ground and transformed and refined into useful products like Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), kerosene, asphalt base, jet fuel, gasoline, heating oil, fuel oils etc. Crude Oil consists of hydrocarbon molecules. There are three steps in the Petroleum refining process – Separation, Conversion, and Treatment. It would not be possible to travel by vehicle without petrol or diesel oil. Learn how do we obtain petrol and crude oil and also more about petroleum or oil refineries.

What is Petroleum?


Petroleum is a substance that occurs naturally. It is a dark liquid. It occurs beneath the earth’s surface. A large number of products like petrol, diesel, lubricating oil, etc derive from petroleum. Its compounds can be separated with the help of fractional distillation. In the year 2006, primary sources of energy consisted of petroleum 36.8%, natural gas 22.9%, and coal 26.6% share for fossil fuels in primary energy production in the world.

Formation of Petroleum


It takes around millions of years for petroleum to form. It is formed due to the presence of decomposed carcasses of dead animals beneath the surface of the earth. These carcasses of dead animals are subjected to extreme pressure and heat. Over centuries, millions of animals lived and died to become fossilized, just in case of plant-based matter. Similarly, in the ocean, oceanic creatures drowned to the bottom of the ocean and got buried under the sand and rocks.
Decayed due to the presence of bacteria, the decomposed organic matter got buried deeper and deeper over the years. Over millions of years, high temperature, high pressure, the absence of air converted the dead animals to petroleum and coal. This liquefied form of dead organic matter is petroleum or crude oil. Crude oil is extracted from oil wells, these wells can be very deep. The oil extracted is later refined to form petrol, diesel, aviation fuel, paraffin wax, lubrication oil, etc.

Petroleum Refining Process


Deposition of petroleum occurs with natural gas in the rocks called oil wells from where it is taken out by drilling. Refining is a process where the separation of various compounds of crude oil occurs. Fractional distillation is a process used to separate its compounds.
Crude Oil procured from an oil well is a mixture of many liquids. Different temperature evaporates a different liquid. This temperature is the boiling point of that liquid. The crude oil is heated to a temperature of 400-degree Celcius, is fed in at the bottom of the column and heated further. The liquid with the lowest boiling point changes into vapor first and condenses. At higher temperature, the next volatile liquid changes into a vapor state and rises.

Petroleum Refining Process Flow Chart


Different vapors rise at different temperature and as they condense, they are collected in different trays. Different liquids are collected in different trays. A few gases reach the top of the column without condensing.

Products produced in Petroleum Refining Process

Petroleum Gas: Generally, liquefied petroleum gas is useful for domestic fuel.
Gasoline: Procuration of petrol occurs from this fraction.
Kerosene: It is used as domestic fuel and also as fuel in jet engines.
Diesel oil or light oil: It is useful in the automobile industry.
Heavy Oil or Lubricating Oil: This type of oil is used in making lubricating oils.
Fuel Oil: It is essential for ships, central heating, and factories.
Residue: We can procure products like paraffin wax, bitumen from this residue. It is useful for making roads and roofing.

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May 02, 2020

Owning an island seems like a dream come true — but they cost a lot of money and apparently only rich celebrities and billionaires like Johnny Depp, Leonardo DiCaprio, and Mel Gibson can afford them. It turns out that you could also get an island for a more than reasonable price! However some of these deals have special requirements, which is why people are not rushing to buy them. There’s a bonus for budget travelers at the end: an island for free!

Piaçabuçu Islands, Brazil



You can become the owner of not one, but 6 islands, with picturesque views and unique wildlife, located on San Francisco River in northeastern Brazil, for just $79,500. The reason why nobody has grabbed them up yet is probably that they are technically not buying these islands as much as they are buying the right to use them for 99 years, and they will be subject to some vague “small, yearly taxes.”

Little Rocky Island, Canada



This 8-acre island with white sandy beaches, well preserved nature, and pine forests is also sheltered from storms and hurricanes by the neighboring islands. There’s no other property there, so you could be the first to build your own dream house. Its price is only $74,500, as for why it’s still for sale, maybe it’s because the Canadian market is flooded with private islands.

Tillamook Island, USA



Tillamook Island (also known as Terrible Tilly) is not an island in the traditional sense, it’s a rock with a lighthouse off the coast of Oregon. The original cost of Tillamook Island, which was sold several times, was $500,000, and now it’s dropped to $50,000, but the waves sweeping over the entire island and a history full of various legends, myths, and even tragedies (starting with an accident at the end of the 19th century with the head of a surveyor expedition, mason John Trewavas, who was hit by a wave and swept out to sea) scares off potential buyers.

Chandler Island, USA



Cahndler Island is a 1-acre island with a view of picturesque Maine, you can buy for $39,999. There`s a small cabin on the island and you also can build your own house there. The only problem is that high tide is significant for the island — the water covers half of this already small piece of land.

McGibbon Island, Canada



A small undeveloped island on St. Johns River, in New Brunswick, Canada is up for sale for less than $29,900. The only disadvantage is that every spring, flood waters cover the entire island, so you can`t really build anything there. During the other seasons the island is a great place for camping or kayaking.

Sheep Lake Islands, Canada



These small tree-covered islands surrounded by the crystal clear waters of Sheep Lake will certainly give you peace and joy, but probably not much of a privacy — they are only 25 miles from the closest fishing village, so there might be a lot of visitors and the island might not be that private anymore. But if you’re ok with that, you can buy this island for $50,989.

Fort Carroll, USA



For just $31,500 you can become the owner of this historic artificial private island, built in 1848 to protect the city of Baltimore, on one condition — you have to restore the abandoned fort on it. Local businesses tried to renovate the island and turn it into a hotel, conference center, casino, and even a jail, but these attempts were unsuccessful. It’s an important conservation nesting site for seagulls and herons, so you can’t start major construction work, since it can scare off the birds.


Bonus: Maatsuyker Island, Australia



There’s an opportunity to live completely rent free for 6 months on this tiny island with Australia’s most southerly lighthouse off the coast of Tasmania — to take part in the Maatsuyker Island Caretaker Program as a volunteer. Duties include weather readings, ocean observations, cleaning out storm water drains, lawnmowing, brush-cutting, etc. Volunteers can take up to 716 pounds (325 kg) of food and clothing, and there is just one resupply trip during the 6-month stay.


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