physics_round_shape_light_reflection_(https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.softecks.engineeringphysics)
Engineering physics or engineering science refers to the study of the combined disciplines of physics, mathematics and engineering, particularly computer, nuclear, electrical, electronic, materials or mechanical engineering. By focusing on the scientific method as a rigorous basis, it seeks ways to apply, design, and develop new solutions in engineering.✴

►This Engineering Physics App that might be suitable for you if you are interested in newly developing areas of physics, instrumentation and communications, have an avid interest in technology and a passion for physics. Skills like problem-solving, observation skills, numerical aptitude, practical thinking and reasoning are important for this field. Technical know-how is beneficial and professionals in this field should be able to communicate their ideas to others with clarity, precision and imagination in a way that captures the interest of others. Engineering physics stresses the application of fundamental scientific principles to the design of equipment.✦

   【Few Topics Covered in this App are Listed Below】

⇢ Difference Between Crystalline and Non crystalline Solids

⇢ Properties of Crystalline and Non crystalline Solids

⇢ Unit Cells: A Three-Dimensional Graph

⇢ Unit Cells: NaCl and ZnS

⇢ Unit Cells: Measuring the Distance Between Particles

⇢ Unit Cells: Determining the Unit Cell of a Crystal

⇢ Unit Cells: Calculating Metallic or Ionic Radii

⇢ THE STRUCTURE OF CRYSTALS

⇢ The Seven Crystal Systems

⇢ PROPERTIES OF MATTER AND THERMAL PHYSICS

⇢ Stress & Strain

⇢ Stress Strain Curve Explanation

⇢ Modes of Heat Transfer – Conduction, Convection & Radiation

⇢ Thermal conductivity

⇢ Newton's Law of Cooling

⇢ Blackbody Radiation

⇢ Kinematics

⇢ Scalars and Vectors

⇢ Distance and Displacement

⇢ Speed and Velocity

⇢ Velocity as a Vector Quantity

⇢ Calculating Average Speed and Average Velocity

⇢ Average Speed versus Instantaneous Speed

⇢ Acceleration

⇢ The Meaning of Constant Acceleration

⇢ Calculating the Average Acceleration

⇢ Free Fall Motion

⇢ Falling with Air Resistance

⇢ Double Trouble (a.k.a., Two Body Problems)

⇢ Newton's Third Law of Motion

⇢ Double Trouble in 2 Dimensions (a.k.a., Two Body Problems)

⇢ The Impulse-Momentum Change Theorem

⇢ Momentum as a Vector Quantity

⇢ Momentum Conservation Principle

⇢ Equal and Opposite Momentum Changes

⇢ Solving Explosion Momentum Problems

⇢ Analysis of Situations Involving External Forces

⇢ Analysis of Situations in Which Mechanical Energy is conserved

⇢ Application and Practice Questions

⇢ Bar Chart Illustrations

⇢ Circular Motion and Satellite Motion

⇢ Acceleration

⇢ The Centripetal Force Requirement

⇢ The Forbidden F-Word

⇢ Mathematics of Circular Motion

⇢ Grounding - the Removal of a Charge

⇢ Charge Interactions Revisited

⇢ Coulomb's Law

⇢ Inverse Square Law

⇢ Newton's Laws and the Electrical Force

⇢ Electric Fields

⇢ Electric Field Intensity

⇢ Circuit Connections

⇢ Two Types of Connections

⇢ Series Circuits

⇢ Parallel Circuits

⇢ Combination Circuits

⇢ Waves

⇢ Properties of Periodic Motion

⇢ Pendulum Motion

⇢ Motion of a Mass on a Spring

⇢ The Nature of a Wave

⇢ What is a Wave?

⇢ Categories of Waves

⇢ The Speed of a Wave

⇢ The Wave Equation

⇢ Behaviour of Waves

⇢ Reflection, Refraction, and Diffraction

⇢ Interference of Waves

⇢ The Doppler Effect

⇢ Standing Waves

⇢ Formation of Standing Waves

⇢ Nodes and Anti-nodes

⇢ Harmonics and Patterns

⇢ Mathematics of Standing Waves

⇢ Sound Waves and Music

⇢ Spherical Aberration

⇢ Convex Mirrors

⇢ Ray Diagrams - Convex Mirrors

⇢ The Direction of Bending

⇢ If I Were an Archer Fish

⇢ The Mathematics of Refraction

⇢ Snell's Law

⇢ Ray Tracing and Problem-Solving

⇢ Total Internal Reflection

⇢ The Critical Angle

⇢ Interesting Refraction Phenomena

⇢ Rainbow Formation

✴ To build websites, you should know about HTML — the fundamental technology used to define the structure of a webpage. HTML is used to specify whether your web content should be recognized as a paragraph, list, heading, link, image, multimedia player, form, or one of many other available elements or even a new element that you define.✴

➻ HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language ❱❱

► This App is designed for the aspiring Web Designers and Developers with a need to understand the HTML in enough detail along with its simple overview, and practical examples. This App will give you enough ingredients to start with HTML from where you can take yourself at higher level of expertise.✦

   【Topics Covered in this App are Listed Below】

⇢ HTML – Overview

⇢ HTML - Basic Tags

⇢ HTML – Elements

⇢ HTML – Attributes

⇢ HTML – Formatting

⇢ HTML - Phrase Tags

⇢ HTML - Meta Tags

⇢ HTML – Comments

⇢ HTML – Images

⇢ HTML – Tables

⇢ HTML – Lists

⇢ HTML - Text Links

⇢ HTML - Image Links

⇢ HTML - Email Links

⇢ HTML – Frames

⇢ HTML – Iframes

⇢ HTML – Blocks

⇢ HTML – Backgrounds

⇢ HTML – Colors

⇢ HTML – Fonts

⇢ HTML – Forms

⇢ HTML - Embed Multimedia

⇢ HTML – Marquees

⇢ HTML – Header

⇢ HTML - Style Sheet

⇢ HTML – JavaScript

⇢ HTML – Layouts

Really weird stuff happens when humans are left alone in the dark.


Whenever we've tried to test the effects that living in isolation without sunlight have on the body, a common thread has emerged: much longer sleep cycles.
Back in 2015, Julie Beck over at The Atlantic pulled together the findings from a number of different experiments that all saw the participants involved drifting off for days at a time... and suffering some fairly acute mental stresses along the way too.
Take cave explorers Josie Laures and Antoine Senni, for example, who lived underground for months in the 1960s.
When they emerged from their self-imposed solitude (having stayed in separate caves), both thought much less time had passed than was actually the case, to the tune of several weeks.
What's more, Senni would sometimes sleep for stretches of 30 hours at a time, then wake up believing he'd just had a short nap.
Researchers on the surface kept in touch with the pair and monitored their vital statistics for any signs of deteriorating health, but they didn't offer any clues as to the passing of time or the cycle of days.
It would seem that without the rising and the setting of the Sun to guide us, our bodies lose track of just how many weeks and days are going by, and when we should be sleeping.
"I am so happy to have lasted it out, that I have forgotten everything," Josie Laures told the Associated Press at the time.
"I can tell you though that it became very difficult toward the end and I felt terribly worn out... At the start of my stay I read, and then I lost the desire. I didn't suffer from the cold. I was well heated in my little tent. My tape recorder refused to work the first few days, but later I managed to repair it and I listened to music. Outside of that I knitted, and knitted some more, and looked forward to the time when I would finally see the sun."
The experiment was seen as a window into how astronauts might hold up physically and mentally on long, lonely voyages into space, a concern that has recently been brought up again as NASA prepares to send a manned mission to Mars.
Sitting in a spaceship isn't quite like sitting in a cave, but there are similarities.
And it seems that when there's nothing else to do, we simply nod off for days at a time.
The Atlantic points to further research indicating humans will occasionally stretch out sleep cycles to 48 hours given the chance.
If we ever develop some kind of deep, cryogenic sleep system for sending astronauts to the far reaches of space, it looks like our bodies will provide a natural starting point.
Other similar experiments have found loneliness and mental tiredness to be the biggest problems when people are left with no one but themselves for company for months at a time (if you've ever seen Cast Away, you'll remember Tom Hanks making friends with a volleyball).
More studies of this nature are going to be required if we're to understand the toll that darkness and isolation take on the human psyche, but the experiments undertaken so far make for fascinating reading.
A version of this story was first published in November 2015.

Earth's magnetic field is pretty adept at flipping polarity. The poles have swapped, reversing north and south, many times over the planet's history.

Within the last 20 million years, Earth has fallen into the pattern of pole reversal every 200,000 to 300,000 years, and between successful swaps, the poles sometimes even attempt to reverse and then snap back into place.
About 40,000 years ago, the poles made one such unsuccessful attempt, and the last full swap was about 780,000 years ago, so we're a bit overdue for a pole reversal based on the established pattern.
The planet's magnetic field is already shifting, which could signify the poles are preparing to flip, and while we can't yet confirm that a reversal is on the near horizon, it is well within the realm of possibility.
While a pole reversal isn't entirely uncommon when you consider Earth's history, this time it could have serious implications for humanity.
To try to determine whether or not a flip is imminent, scientists have begun using satellite imagery and complex calculations to study the shifting of the magnetic field.
They've found that molten iron and nickel are draining energy from the dipole at the edge of the Earth's core, which is where the planet's magnetic field is generated.
They also found that the north magnetic pole is especially turbulent and unpredictable. If the magnetic blocks become strong enough to sufficiently weaken the dipole, the poles will officially switch.
Again, while it is not a certainty that the switch will happen soon, this activity at the Earth's core suggests that it is possible in the near future. So, how might a pole switch impact our lives?
The Earth's magnetic field protects the planet from solar and cosmic rays. When the poles switch, this protective shield could diminish to as little as one-tenth of its typical ability.
The switching process could take centuries, and the entire time, radiation would be able to get closer to the planet than usual.
Eventually, this radiation could reach the surface of the Earth, rendering some regions uninhabitable and causing entire species to go extinct.
Before that happened, though, a weakened magnetic field would likely impact orbiting satellites, which have suffered from memory failure and other damagewhen exposed to such radiation in the past.
Damage to satellites caused by decreased protection from the magnetic field could affect the satellite timing systems that control electric grids.
These grids could fail, leading to worldwide blackouts that experts predict could last for decades.
Without functioning electric grids, we couldn't use cell phones, household appliances, and so much more. The sudden blackouts would have hospitals scrambling for backup power sources, putting countless lives at risk.
GPS technology would also be compromised, affecting everything from military operations to our ability navigate our cars.
Additionally, we are becoming more reliant on technology by the day, with autonomous vehicles, artificial intelligence (AI), and other innovations all advancing rapidly.
By the time a pole switch did take place, these innovations could be a regular part of our daily lives, furthering the potential for disruption.
It's true that we live in an age where data rules all. From how we communicate to how we get around to how our governments and critical facilities run, it all comes down to how we send and store data, so if the world's satellites are damaged or rendered nonfunctional, life as we know it could forever change.
But this isn't a doomsday prediction. While the poles will inevitably flip again at some point, our ability to recognise this possibility in advance allows us to prepare for it.
For starters, satellite companies can begin to collaborate, sharing ideas with one another on how to equip satellites to deal with a pole reversal.
Government and university researchers can focus their efforts on developing new satellites specifically designed to withstand extreme radiation and space weather.
Governments, businesses, and communities can come together to form action plans.
They can find ways to store energy and ensure the public is educated on the subject of pole reversal, so that when it happens, the situation won't cause widespread panic.
Earth's poles have been switching for millions of years, and they will continue to do so for the foreseeable future. The best thing we can do is prepare now so we're ready the next time it happens.

Hyperloop Transportation Technologies has started assembling its tubes

We haven’t heard much from Hyperloop Transportation Technologies since last year, when the California-based company released a handful of images and a video to prove that it is building what it says is the world’s first full-scale, passenger-ready hyperloop. Today, the company has broken its silence with the announcement that it’s begun construction of a kilometer-long test track near its R&D center in France.
HyperloopTT says its test track will be built in two phases: a closed 320-meter system that will be operational this year, and a 1 kilometer long full-scale system, elevated by pylons at a height of 5.8 meters, to be completed in 2019. A full-scale passenger capsule, currently under construction at the company’s facility in Spain, is scheduled for delivery this summer.
That would make it the world’s third hyperloop test track to date, and the first in Europe. The other two are in the US: Virgin Hyperloop One’s test track is located in the desert north of Las Vegas, while Elon Musk’s track is sited outside SpaceX’s headquarters in Hawthorne, Calif.
The video and images of HyperloopTT’s track under construction is the first solid evidence that the company is actually pursuing its goal of building a full-scale, passenger-ready hyperloop capable of sending capsules of people or cargo flying through a nearly airless tube at a hypothetical speed of 760 mph. Previously, all we’ve seen from the company is a few random images and some dubious sounding announcements.
By contrast, its crosstown rival, Virgin Hyperloop One has conducted three demonstrations of its not-to-scale system in the desert outside of Las Vegas, most recently hitting a record speed of 240 mph (387 km/h). The company has deals with governments in Dubai and Saudi Arabia — as well as a plethora of leadership churn. And SpaceX has held several versions of its design and engineering competition, with student-led teams also achieving 200-mph speeds.
HyperloopTT is less a traditional business than a elaborate crowdfunding campaign. The company boasts that it is a solely volunteer and crowdsourced venture, with talent from NASA, Boeing, Tesla, and SpaceX working among its 800-plus volunteers. HyperloopTT has run into bureaucratic hurdles. Its test track in California was delayed after it was revealed the company failed to complete the state’s environmental review process. With the company shifting most of its focus to Europe, it’s unclear whether HTT’s California property is still in the mix.
source -theverge
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