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January 21, 2020


Thermal imaging is a technology that operates by capturing the upper portion of the infrared light spectrum, which is emitted as heat by objects instead of simply reflected as light. Hotter objects, such as warm bodies, emit more of this light than cooler objects like trees or buildings.


 Thermal imaging working principle :
  1. A special lens focuses the infrared light emitted by all of the objects in view.
  2. The focused light is scanned by a phased array of infrared-detector elements. The detector elements create a very detailed temperature pattern called a thermogram. It only takes about one-thirtieth of a second for the detector array to obtain the temperature information to make the thermogram. This information is obtained from several thousand points in the field of view of the detector array.
  3. The thermogram created by the detector elements is translated into electric impulses.
  4. The impulses are sent to a signal-processing unit, a circuit board with a dedicated chip that translates the information from the elements into data for the display.
  5. The signal-processing unit sends the information to the display, where it appears as various colors depending on the intensity of the infrared emission. The combination of all the impulses from all of the elements creates the image.

Types of Thermal Imaging Devices


Most thermal-imaging devices scan at a rate of 30 times per second. They can sense temperatures ranging from -4 degrees Fahrenheit (-20 degrees Celsius) to 3,600 F (2,000 C), and can normally detect changes in temperature of about 0.4 F (0.2 C).
There are two common types of thermal-imaging devices:
  • Un-cooled - This is the most common type of thermal-imaging device. The infrared-detector elements are contained in a unit that operates at room temperature. This type of system is completely quiet, activates immediately and has the battery built right in.
  • Cryogenically cooled - More expensive and more susceptible to damage from rugged use, these systems have the elements sealed inside a container that cools them to below 32 F (zero C). The advantage of such a system is the incredible resolution and sensitivity that result from cooling the elements. Cryogenically-cooled systems can "see" a difference as small as 0.2 F (0.1 C) from more than 1,000 ft (300 m) away, which is enough to tell if a person is holding a gun at that distance!
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February 19, 2019
The camera is undoubtedly one of the most cherished creations.
Cameras have witnessed many phases of evolution – camera obscura, daguerreotypes, dry plates, calotypes, film to SLRs and DSLRs.  In 1826, Joseph Nicéphore Niépce used a sliding wooden box camera made by Charles and Vincent Chevalier to click the first permanent photograph.

With the technological advancements, Digital cameras were introduced to save pictures on the memory cards rather than using films.
The history of the digital camera began with Eugene F. Lally idea to take pictures of the planets and stars while traveling through space.
Later, Steven Sasson a Kodak engineer invented and built the first digital camera in 1975. Though the digital camera ruled over the traditional camera, the most revolutionary aspect has been the advent of the camera phone.
Now, every smartphone has an inbuilt camera and is able to take images.  With the growing demand, video recording was also made a part of it. 
At present, the camera comes with inbuilt GPS system and real-time geotagging options. Freeze the great moments from your life in the form of photographs with better quality and superior handling digital camera. One doesn't have to look much further than a photo album to see that cameras are one of the great inventions that changed the world.
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December 28, 2016

Super Fast Cameras

from NOVA PBS

Key Facts In This Video

  • 1
    Researchers at MIT have created a camera with an exposure time of two trillionths of a second. (0:44)
  • 2
    Watch a pulse of light move through a bottle with help from MIT's super high-speed camera28: (1:29)
  • 3
    Learn how an MIT camera can "see" around a corner: (3:41)
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August 24, 2015
next- iPhone's- camera-new-future

The camera on the next iPhone will have a bigger sensor that can take in more light, and a lens that's designed to work with that improved sensor.
This means we can expect the iPhone 6S to capture higher-quality photos than the iPhone 6.
Apple is currently ordering suppliers to produce five-element lenses for the iPhone 6S that are designed to work with 12-megapixel camera sensors, a person within Apple's supply chain told Business Insider. These components are said to be in the mass-production stage and are on schedule, this source said.
This same person also said Apple is ordering six-element lenses for a future iPhone intended to be released after the iPhone 6S (presumably the iPhone 7).
We've been hearing for months that the iPhone 6S will come with a 12-megapixel camera, but we haven't heard much about what else to expect. Back in November, Daring Fireball blogger John Gruber said the next iPhone could come with the "biggest camera jump" we've seen in years.

The importance of 'elements'

An "element" refers to a layer of plastic that makes up a part of the whole lens in a camera. Each of these elements, or layers, actually functions as its own standalone lens. But when they're combined into one lens, they allow a camera to capture more detailed and complex information.
So a five-element lens such as the one that's in your smartphone's camera could actually be considered as five lenses crammed into one, says Rajiv Laroia, the cofounder and CTO of Light, a photography startup that's working on ways to fit cameras with multiple lenses inside smartphones. (In the iPhone, there's also a sapphire glass cover that protects this plastic lens from getting scratched.)
Since smartphone cameras are so small, the lenses for these cameras are constructed from layers of high-quality plastic rather than glass. These small plastic lenses are easier to fit into small devices and are much cheaper to produce than glass. In fact, these lenses only cost $1 to produce, according to Laroia.
Although the lens for the iPhone 6S will be made of five elements just like the one found in the current iPhone's camera, it's made of a higher specification so that it matches the new 12-megapixel sensor, this person in Apple's supply chain said.
For context, the current iPhone has an eight-megapixel sensor.
iphone-6+-camera-new-apple

The six-element lens being considered for the iPhone 7 (or whatever it ends up being called) would only be on par with what competitors are already putting in their phones.
The OnePlus 2's camera, for example, packs a six-element lens with a 13-megapixel sensor. The Samsung Galaxy S5, which was released last year, is said to have a six-element lens as well.
Our source also mentioned that other clients typically order six-element camera lenses rather than five-element lenses.  
A six-element camera lens allows a camera to absorb more light than a five-element lens would, which results in clearer and sharper images. In order to increase a camera's aperture, which is essentially a passage that allows light to enter through the camera, you would need to add more elements to a camera's lens, says Laroia. The larger the aperture, the more light can travel through the lens to the camera's body, which in turn produces better photographs.
"If you want to collect more light, then you need more elements," he said.

Nothing is considered final until Apple reveals its next iPhone. Supply chain orders don't always reflect how final products turn out, but it does give us an idea of what Apple might be experimenting with.
via - techinsider
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September 24, 2014
iPhone camera technology has made dramatic improvements to image quality.In the past seven years, The iPhone 6 is no different. Besides being faster to shoot and easier to focus, the images taken with the iPhone 6 camera show greater detail and are significantly better in low-light.
To view full-sized photos from each iPhone, click here>>snapsnapsnap



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